There
are two sets of factors that have contributed to the process. The
introduction of cotton cultivation in western and southern Tamil Nadu by
the colonial government led to the emergence of a large-scale textile
sector in
these parts. Second, increase in trade during this period
led to industrial development around two of the most active ports in the
region,Chennai and Tuticorin. Match factories too emerged during the
colonial period in the
Sivakasi region, which later on became a major
centre for fireworks production and printing.Port-related activity too
contributed to the growth of the region. Leather production wasalso
taking place in Dindigul, Vellore and Ambur areas.
In Western Tamil Nadu, the emergence of textiles industries also led to demand and
starting
of textile machinery industry in the region. This textile machinery
industry in turn led to the rise of a number of small workshops for
repair and producers of machinery components. Another major development
in the western region is the introduction of electricity from
hydro-electric power in 1930s.Availability of electricity allowed for
use of oil engines for drawing ground water. This
led to both
expansion of agriculture as well as increase in demand for oil engines.
In turn, it led to emergence of workshops for servicing engines and also
for addressing the demand for spare parts. Foundries began to be set up
and
agricultural machinery began to be produced.
The Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) emerged in the wake of decolonization that
followed
World War II. At the Bandung (a city in Indonesia) conference (1955),
the newly independent countries of Asia and Africa gave a call for
abstaining from allying with any of the two Super Powers. It also
pledged to fight all
forms of colonialism and imperialism. The NAM held its first conference at
Belgrade
in 1961 under the leadership of Tito (Yugoslavia), Nasser (Egypt),
Nehru (India),Nkrumah (Ghana) and Sukarno (Indonesia).The basic
principles of non-alignment, as listed in the statement issued at the
Belgrade (a Serbian
city, then part of Yugoslavia) Conference, were
peaceful co-existence, commitment to peace and security, no military
alliance with any super power, no permission for any super power to
build its military base in its territories. With the collapse of Soviet
Union, the idea of non- alignment lost relevance.
By the end of Second World War Viet Minh controlled the northern half of Vietnam.
Viet
Minh formed a government led by Ho ChiMinh in Hanoi. This Viet Minh
government quickly occupied the southern half of Vietnam.However, the
Allied Powers decided at Potsdam that the British in the south and the
Chinese in
the north should defend Indo-China from the Japanese. But
Ho Chi Minh had established his control very firmly and so, early in
1946, the British and Chinese troops had to withdraw,leaving the French
and Viet Minh to confront each other. In March the two governments
(French and Viet Minh) reached an agreement
by which North Vietnam was to be a free state,within an Indo-Chinese Federation.
In
1949 the French attempted to secure the support of the population by
declaring Vietnam,Laos and Cambodia independent within the French Union,
retaining only foreign affairs anddefence under French control.
7th social quterily exam questions paper PDF download
0 கருத்துகள்