8th class|Term 2 Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question|8th Standard Government Question Paper 2023

States and their functional equivalents throughout history have used money provided by taxation to carry out many functions. Some of these include expenditures on economic infrastructure (transportation, sanitation, public safety, education, healthcare systems, to name a few), military, scientific research, culture and the arts, public works and public insurance and the operation of government itself. A government's ability to raise taxes is called its fiscal capacity.When expenditures exceed tax revenue, a government accumulates debt. A portion of taxes may be used to service past debts. Governments also use taxes to fund welfare and public services.These services can include education systems, pensions for the elderly, unemployment benefits and public transportation. Energy, water and waste management systems are also common public utilities.

After an initial focus on agriculture, industrialisation was given priority. The
recurrent droughts experienced by India pushed her to be dependent on imports of food grains.However, the available foreign exchange reserve could not permit open market purchases and import of grains. India had to plead for food grains from richer countries at concessional rates. United States of America extended
assistance through its Public Law 480 (PL 480) scheme to India during early 1960s.
A growing country with a massive population was perceived to be a potential
candidate for revolution. The American administration and philanthropic organisations like Ford Foundation formulated a plan to increase food production in the country by introducing High Yielding Varieties (HYV) of wheat and rice. This programme was implemented in select districts where irrigation was assured. The results were promising and the programme was extended to cover a larger
number of districts.

The rapid increase in food grain production was accompanied by appropriate
technological interventions in the dairy, poultry and fisheries sectors. As a result, the milk production in the country witnessed an eight-fold increase, egg production grew 40-fold and fish production by 13-fold between the time of Independence and mid-2000s. However, India could not succeed in attaining self-sufficiency in the production of pulses and oil seeds. Therefore, India depends on imports
to meet the requirements of peopl

Nutrition plays a crucial role in human health and well-being. At the national level,
despite higher economic growth, improvements in human development indicators like nutrition levels of the population have been unacceptably slow. A large number of Indian children are stunted. A substantial number of Indian children and women are underweight, anaemic and suffer from micronutrient deficiencies.To address these concerns, the Central and state governments have been channellising
substantial resources into various health and nutrition schemes and programmes like Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS),mid-day meals, Reproductive and Child Health Programmes (RCH) and National Rural Health Mission (NRHM). However, an effective scaling up of these efforts is required to mitigate the
incidence of under-nutrition in the country

The Government of Tamil Nadu’s policy for “A Malnutrition Free Tamil Nadu” guides the state’s long-term multi-sectoral strategy for eliminating malnutrition. The goal is “reducing human malnutrition of all types to the levels of best performing countries”.In Tamil Nadu,ICDS is being implemented through 54,439
Child Centres (comprising 49,499 Anganwadi Centres and 4,940 Mini Anganwadi Centres) in 434 Child Development Blocks (385 rural, 47 urban and 2 tribal).
With steady expansion into unreached areas, increasing coverage of marginalised
groups, enhanced allocations and enlarged scope of services, ICDS is now considered to be one of the world’s largest programmes of its kind.

 

8th Tamil | தமிழ்

1. 8th Tamil - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Virudhunagar District | Mr. S. Senthil Kumar  - Tamil Medium Download Here
2. 8th Tamil - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Dindigul District | Mrs. R. Radhika - Tamil Medium PDF Download Here
3. 8th Tamil - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Chennai District | Mr. Moksha Jain - Tamil Medium PDF Download Here
4. 8th Tamil - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Salem District | Mr. Dinesh Kumar Gopi  - Tamil Medium Download Here
5. 8th Tamil - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Salem District | Mrs. A.R. Mahalakshmi - Tamil Medium Download Here  
6. 8th Tamil - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Ranipet District | Mr. A.K. Venkatesan - Tamil Medium Download Here  
   
7. 8th Tamil - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Thenkasi District | Mr. M. Sivakumar - Tamil Medium Download Here
8. 8th Tamil - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Sivagangai District | Mr. Sanjeevu - Tamil Medium Download Here
   
9. 8th Tamil - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Tirupattur District | Mr. A. Mohammed Ali - PDF Download Here
10. 8th Tamil - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Thiruvannamalai District | Mr. N. Thandavamoorthy - PDF Download Here
11. 8th Tamil - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Model Question Paper | Ms. M. Sudharshini - PDF Download Here 
12. 8th Tamil - Half Yearly Exam 2019 - Original Question Paper | Mr. T. Kanakaraj - Tamil Medium Download Here
13. 8th Tamil - Half Yearly Exam 2022 | Model Question Paper | Tamil Thugal  -Virudhunagar District - Tamil Medium PDF Download Here

 

8th English | ஆங்கிலம்

1. 8th English - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Salem District | Mrs. A. R. Mahalakshmi - PDF Download Here
2. 8th English - Term 2 Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Tirupattur District | Mr. A. Mohammed Ali - PDF Download Here
   
3. 8th English - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Sivaganga District | Mr. Sanjeevu- English Medium Download Here
4. 8th English - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Ranipet District | Mr. A.K. Venkatesan - English Medium Download Here
   
5. 8th English - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Chennai District | Mr. Hitansh - PDF Download Here 
6. 8th English - Term 2 Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Virudhunagar District | Mr. S. Senthil Kumar - PDF Download Here  
7. 8th English - Term 2 Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Thenkasi District | Mr. M. Sivakumar - English PDF Download Here 
   
8. 8th English - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Thiruvallur District | Mrs. N.K. Devi - PDF Download Here

8th Maths | கணிதம்

1. 8th Maths - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Tiruvannamalai District | Mr. Sanjeevu - Tamil Medium Download Here
2. 8th Maths - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper with Answer Keys | Trichy District | Mr. S. Venkatesan - English Medium Download Here
   
3. 8th Maths - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Tiruapttur District | Mr. A. Mohammed Ali - English Medium Download Here
4. 8th Maths - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Ranipet District | Mr. A.K. Venkatesan - English Medium Download Here
5. 8th Maths - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Ranipet District | Mr. A.K. Venkatesan - Tamil Medium Download Here
   
6. 8th Maths - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Salem District | Mrs. A.R. Mahalakshmi - English Medium Download Here
   
7. 8th Maths - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Salem District | Mrs. A.R. Mahalakshmi - Tamil Medium Download Here 
8. 8th Maths - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Chennai District | Mr. Hitansh - English Medium PDF Download Here  
9. 8th Maths - Term 2 Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Chennai District | Mr. P. Johnson Devadoss - Tamil Medium PDF Download Here
10. 8th Maths - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Virudhunagar District | Mr. S. Senthil Kumar - English Medium Download Here
11. 8th Maths - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Virudhunagar District | Mr. S. Senthil Kumar - Tamil Medium Download Here
    
12. 8th Maths - Term 2 Exam - Original Question Paper 2019 | W2S - English Medium Download Here
13. 8th Maths - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Thiruvallur District | Mrs. N.K. Devi - PDF Download Here  
    
14. 8th Maths - Term 2 Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Thenkasi District | Mr. M. Sivakumar - English PDF Download Here 
    
15. 8th Maths - Half Yearly Exam First Model Exam Question Paper - 2022 - 2023 | Mr. S. Venkatesan - English Medium PDF Download Here
16. 8th Maths - Half Yearly Exam Second Model Exam Question Paper - 2022 - 2023 |  Mr. S. Venkatesan - English Medium PDF Download Here
17. 8th Maths - Term 2 Exam 2019 - Original Question Papers ( Vellore District ) - English Medium Download Here
18. 8th Maths - Term 2 Exam Model Question Papers 2019 | Mr. A. Kasivijayan - English Medium Download Here
19. 8th Maths - Term 2 Exam Model Question Papers 2019 - Tamil Medium Download Here 
20. 8th Maths - Half Yearly Exam First Model Exam Question Paper - 2022 - 2023 | Mr. S. Venkatesan - English Medium PDF Download Here
21. 8th Maths - Half Yearly Exam Second Model Exam Question Paper - 2022 - 2023 |  Mr. S. Venkatesan - English Medium PDF Download Here

 

8th Science | அறிவியல்

1. 8th Science - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Chennai District | Mr. D. Johnson - English Medium PDF Download Here
2. 8th Science - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Chennai District | Mr. D. Johnson - Tamil Medium PDF Download Here
3. 8th Science - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Ranipet District | Mr. A.K. Venkatesan - English Medium Download Here
4. 8th Science - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Ranipet District | Mr. A.K. Venkatesan - Tamil Medium Download Here 
5. 8th Science - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Tirupattur District | Mr. A. Mohammed Ali - English Medium PDF Download Here
   
6. 8th Science - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Thiruvannamalai District | Mrs. Vanitha - Tamil Medium Download Here
7. 8th Science - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Answer Key | Chennai District | Mr. Johnson - English PDF Download Here 
8. 8th Science - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Salem District | Mrs. A. R. Mahalakshmi - English PDF Download Here
   
9. 8th Science - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Thenkasi District | Mr. M. Sivakumar - English PDF Download Here

 

8th Social | சமூக அறிவியல்

1. 8th Social - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Tirupattur District | Mr. A. Mohammed Ali - English Medium PDF Download Here
   
2. 8th Social - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Virudhunagar District | Mr. S. Senthil Kumar - English Medium Download Here
3. 8th Social - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Virudhunagar District | Mr. S. Senthil Kumar - Tamil Medium Download Here
4. 8th Science - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Virudhunagar District | Mr. S. Senthil Kumar - English PDF Download Here
5. 8th Social - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Ranipet District | Mr. A.K. Venkatesan - English Medium Download Here
6. 8th Social - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Ranipet District | Mr. A.K. Venkatesan - Tamil Medium Download Here 
   
7. 8th Social - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Chennai District | Mr. Hitansh - English Medium PDF Download Here  
8. 8th Social - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Chennai District | Mr. P. Johnson Devadoss - Tamil Medium PDF Download Here
9. 8th Social - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Model Question Paper | Ms. M. Sudharshini - English Medium PDF Download Here   

 

8th PET | உடற்கல்வி  அறிவியல்

1. 8th PET - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - 2023 | Original Question Paper | Thenkasi District | Mr. M. Sivakumar - English Medium PDF Download Here

 

8th Urdu | உருது 

• 8th Urdu - Half Yearly Exam 2022 - Original Question Paper | Tirupattur District | Mr. Mohammed Ali - PDF Download

 States and their functional equivalents throughout history have used money provided by taxation to carry out many functions. Some of these include expenditures on economic infrastructure (transportation, sanitation, public safety, education, healthcare systems, to name a few), military, scientific research, culture and the arts, public works and public insurance and the operation of government
itself. A government's ability to raise taxes is called its fiscal capacity.
When expenditures exceed tax revenue, a government accumulates debt. A portion of taxes may be used to service past debts. Governments also use taxes to fund welfare and public services.These services can include education systems,pensions for the elderly, unemployment benefits and public transportation. Energy, water and waste management systems are also common public utilities.A tax imposed on an individual or organisation, which is paid directly, is a direct tax. The burden of a direct tax cannot be shifted to others. J.S. Mill defines a direct tax as “one
which is demanded from the very persons who it is intended or desired should pay it.” Some direct taxes are income tax, wealth tax and corporation taxGenerally, “any human activity which is engaged in the conversion of raw materials into
readily usable materials is called an industry”. Industrialisation refers to the process of using modern techniques of production to produce goods that are required by both consumers and other producers on a large scale. In this chapter
we will learn the nature of industrialisation of Tamil Nadu, importance of industrial clusters, how industrial clusters have developed in Tamil Nadu and the role of government initiatives in promoting industries.