Heavy electrical industries manufacture equipment used for power generation,transmission and utilization. Turbines for steam and hydro power plants, boilers for thermal power plants, generators, transformers, switch gears etc. are the chief products of this industry. The most important company in the field of
heavy electrical is Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL). It has its plants at Hardwar, Bhopal,Hyderabad, Jammu, Bengaluru, Jhansi and Tiruchirappalli. This Industry covers a wide range of products including television sets,transistor sets, telephone exchanges, cellular telegram, computers and varied equipments for
post and railway, defence and meteorological department. Bengaluru is the largest producer of electronic goods in India, hence it is called as the “Electronic Capital of India”. The other major producers of electronic goods centers are Hyderabad, Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Kanpur, Pune, Lucknow, Jaipur and Coimbatore India is home to some of the finest software companies in the world. The software companies in India are reputed across the globe for their efficient IT and business related solutions. The Indian Software Industry has brought about atremendous success for the emerging economy.Exports In India, software industry began in 1970 with the entry of Tata Consultancy Services(TCS). Along with this, L & T, Infotech, i-Flex, Accenture, Cognizant, GalexE Solutions India Pvt Ltd and ITC Infotech are the major software industries in the country. At present, there are
more than 500 software companies all over India. It exports software service to nearly 95 countries in the world.
National Highways form the most important system of road transportation in
India. These highways are running through length and breadth of the country connecting capitals of states, major Ports, rail junctions,industrial and tourist centres. Ministry of Road Transport and Highways of India, is responsible
for the development and maintenance of National Highways in India. The longest
National highway is NH-44 which runs from Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh to Kanniyakumari inTamil Nadu covering a distance of 2369 km. The shortest national highway is NH-47A, which runs from Ernakulum to Kochi port (Willington
Island) covering a distance of 6 km Indian railway system is the main artery of
the country’s inland transport. Railways cater to the needs of large scale movement of traffic, both for freight and passenger, thereby contributing to economic growth. Railways are considered as the backbone of the surface transport system
of India. It promotes national integration by bringing people together. It also promotes trade,tourism, education etc. Railways help in the commercialization of the agriculture sector by facilitating the bulky movement of perishable.
Natural gas usually accompanies the petroleum accumulations. It is naturally
occurring hydro carbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane, but commonly includes varying amounts of other higher alkanes and sometimes a small percentage of carbon dioxide, nitrogen and hydrogen sulphides. It is
formed when layers of decomposed plants and animals are exposed to intense heat and pressure over thousands of years. It is used as a source of energy for heating, cooking and electricity generation. It is also used as fuel for vehicles and as a chemical feedstock in the manufacture of plastics and other commercially important organic chemicals.The energy released during nuclear
fission or fusion is used to generate electricity. Nuclear energy is generated mainly
from the minerals of Uranium and Thorium.The first nuclear power station was setup at Tarapur near Mumbai in 1969. Later atomic reactors were installed at Rawatbhata (335MW), near Kota in Rajasthan (100 MW),Kalpakkam (440 MW) and Kudankulam (2,000 MW) in Tamil nadu and Narora (235 MW) in Uttar Pradesh, Kaiga in (235 MW)in Karnataka and Kakarapara (235 MW) in Gujarat.
The mass objectives of the solar thermal energy programme, being implemented by
the Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Source (MNES) are market development,
commercialisation and utilisation of heat energy requirement of different applications in domestic, institutional and industrial sectors. Solar power is used in water heaters, refrigerators, drying, street lighting, cooking, pumping, power generator, photovoltaic cells, salon parts etc. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat,Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh are the major solar power producers.Paper Industry produces numerous types of papers that comes in various use such as sheet paper, paper boxes, tissues, paper bags, stationery,envelopes and printed-paper products such as books, periodicals, and newspapers. In India the Soft wood is the principal raw material used for making paper especially newsprint and high
class printing papers. Paper is the pre-requisite for education and literacy and its use is an index of advancement in these two fields as well as the
overall well being of the society.
Iron and steel industry is called a basic metallurgical industry as its finished
product is used as raw material by host of other industries. Several industries like
engineering, heavy machines and machine tools, automobile, locomotives and railway equipment industries use iron and steel as their primary raw material. Due to this,the steel producing capacity of a country is generally taken as an indicator of its level of industrial development.Tata Motors, Maruti Suzuki, Mahindra &Mahindra and Hindustan Motors are the largest passenger car manufacturers of Indian companies in the country. Presence of foreign car companies such as Mercedes Benz, Fiat,General Motors, Toyota and the recent entry of passenger car manufacturers BMW, Audi,Volkswagen and Volvo makes the Indian automobile sector a special one. Tata Motors,Ashok Leyland, Eicher Motors, Mahindra &Mahindra and Ford Motors are the major Indian companies which manfacture commercial vehicles. MAN, ITEC, Mercedes-Benz, Scania and Hyundai are the foreign companies engage in the manfacture of commercial vehicles.
Two-wheeler manufacturing is dominated by Indian companies like Hero, Bajaj Auto and TVS.
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