Introduction
• In the latter half of the 18th Century major changes occurred in the methodofproduction that changed the history of humankind.
• This profound transformation is described as the Industrial Revolution
• Goods began to produced not by hand but by machines.
• Society transformed from an agrarian and handicraft economy to one dominatedby factory and machine production.
• The term Industrial Revolution was popularized by the English economichistorians to denote Britain’s economic development from 1760 to 1840.
Attributes of Industrial Revolution
• Use of new basic materials: iron and steel
• Use of new energy s ources: coal, electricity, petroleum
• Invention of new machines such as the spinning jenny and the power loom thatincreased the production with a minimum expending of human energy
• Emergence of a new organization known as the factory system, which entailedincreased division of labour and specialisation of work
• Development in transportation and communication
• Increasing application of science to industry
• The use of new technology
• The Industrial Revolution began in England first ,because it had certain external factors. They were:
• England had abundant resources and possessed ,colonies with “India being the brightest jewel in the BritishCrown”
• Access to coal, iron and raw cotton from the colonies
• England possessed the required infrastructure for ,textiles developed by immigrant artisans from the Netherlands
• England had a developed banking system, a growing entrepreneurialclass, and potential investors
• Encouragement of the Royal Society of England for scientificdiscoveries and inventions
• Political stability of England to bestow its full attentionto industrial growth
Mindmap
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