Altitude
• When the altitude
increases, The temperature
decreases.
• Temperature decreases at
the rate of 6.5 degree C for
every 1000 metres of
ascent.
• It is called normal lapse
rate.
• Hence, places in the
mountains are cooler than
the places on the plains.
Distance from the Sea
• A large area of India, especially the peninsular region, is not very far
from the sea and this entire area has a clear maritime influence on
climate.
• This part of the country does not have a very clearly marked winter
and the temperature is equable almost throughout the year.
• Areas of central and north India experience much seasonal variation
in temperature due to the absence of influence of seas.
• Here, summers are hot and winters are cold. Air near the coast has
more moisture and greater potential to produce precipitation.
• Due to this fact, the amount of rainfall at Kolkata located near the
coast is 119 cm and it decreases to just 24 cm at Bikaner which is
located in the interior part.
Monsoon Wind
• The most dominant factor which affects the climate of India is the
monsoon winds.
• These are seasonal reversal winds.
• Though, the sun’s rays are vertical over the central part of India
during the mid June, the summer season ends in India by the end of
May.
• It is because the onset of southwest monsoon brings down the
temperature of the entire India and causes moderate to heavy rainfall
in many parts of the country.
6th,7th,7th,9th,10th class|Social|SYLLABUS 2024
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