Any matter or energy derived from the environment that is used by living
things including humans is called a natural resource. Natural resources include air,
water,
soil, minerals, fossil fuels, plants, wild life etc. Many natural
resources are used as raw materials. They play a vital role in the
economic development of any region. Natural resources are classified on
several basis. Based on continued availability, the resources are
categorised into two types. Renewable Resources are those which have
natural regeneration after their utilisation. Solar energy, wind energy,
biogas, tidalenergy, wave energy etc. are the renewableresources. Non-
Renewable resources are thesources that cannot be replaced again
afterutilisation. Coal, petroleum, natural gas etc.fall under this
category.Mineral is a natural substance of organicor inorganic origin
with definite chemicalandphysical properties. The process of
extractingmineral from the earth is known as mining. Themines near the
earth crust are known as openpit mines while the deep mines are known as
shaft mines.
Types of Minerals
On the basis of chemical and physical properties, minerals are broadly grouped
under two categories. They are metallic and non-metallic minerals.
Metallic Minerals
Metallic minerals are the minerals which contain one or more metallic elements in
them.
Metallic minerals occur in rare, naturally formed concentrations known
as mineraldeposits. These deposits consist of a varietyof valuable
metals such as iron, manganese, copper, bauxite, nickel, zinc, lead,
gold etc
1. Iron ore
Iron ore is the most widely
distributed elements of the earth crust, rarely occurs in a ree state.
It enters into the composition of many rocks and minerals especially
from igneous and metamorphic rocks. The total recoverable reserves of
iron ore in India are haematite and magnetite Jharkhand is the leading
producer of
iron ore with 25% the country’s production. Singhbhum,
Hazaribagh, Dhanbad and Ranchi districts are its major producers. Odisha
with 21% production ranks second. Sundargarh, Mayurbhanj, Sambalpur and
Keonjhar districts are its major producers. The magnetite production of
Chhattisgarh is 18% (Rajgarh and Bilaspur are its leading districts)
and the Karnataka is 20% (Chikmangalur, Chitradurga,
Shimoga and
Dharwad districts are its major producers). Andhrapradesh and Tamil Nadu
produce about 5% each. Kurnool, Guntur, Cuddapah and Anantapur
districts in Andhra Pradesh and Salem, Namakkal,
Tiruvannamalai,Tiruchirappalli, Coimbatore, Madurai and Tirunelveli
districts in Tamil Nadu are notable
for the production of iron ore.
10th class|English|Previous|Government |Question paper
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